{"id":17,"date":"2014-05-19T05:07:15","date_gmt":"2014-05-19T05:07:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diarieducacio.cat\/grao\/?p=17"},"modified":"2024-05-13T18:30:10","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T16:30:10","slug":"entrevista-a-claudio-naranjo-qui-sap-mes-deducacio-son-els-educadors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diarieducacio.cat\/grao\/2014\/05\/19\/entrevista-a-claudio-naranjo-qui-sap-mes-deducacio-son-els-educadors\/","title":{"rendered":"Entrevista a Claudio Naranjo: \u00abQui sap m\u00e9s d’educaci\u00f3 s\u00f3n els educadors\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

La veu cr\u00edtica de Claudio Naranjo, alhora confiada i esperan\u00e7adora, ens planteja un repte important, urgent i ineludible: transformar profundament l\u2019educaci\u00f3 perqu\u00e8 les persones d\u2019avui construeixin un millor dem\u00e0.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Claudio Naranjo<\/strong>\u00a0(Xile, 1932) fa m\u00e9s de quaranta\u00a0anys que crea m\u00e8todes per al desenvolupament i el\u00a0creixement personal des d\u2019una perspectiva human\u00edstica.\u00a0En aquest \u00e0mbit, \u00e9s una de les figures m\u00e9s rellevants\u00a0del nostre temps, i ha exercit una influ\u00e8ncia\u00a0important en la transformaci\u00f3 del proc\u00e9s educatiu i\u00a0del que entenem per educaci\u00f3. Deixeble de figures\u00a0de la talla de Fritz Perls, el doctor Naranjo \u00e9s un referent\u00a0mundial per a tothom qui ent\u00e9n l\u2019educaci\u00f3\u00a0com un proc\u00e9s que ens fa savis, lliures i, sobretot, m\u00e9s humans. Entre les seves\u00a0obres m\u00e9s conegudes, podem citar Cambiar la educaci\u00f3n para cambiar el\u00a0mundo o Sanar la civilizaci\u00f3n (editorial La Llave), a m\u00e9s de nombrosos tractats\u00a0sobre psicologia i desenvolupament personal<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Vost\u00e8 \u00e9s defensor d\u2019una educaci\u00f3\u00a0humanitzadora.\u00a0La podria definir\u00a0breument?<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong>Un\u00a0primer pas cap a la humanitzaci\u00f3\u00a0de l\u2019educaci\u00f3 seria aconseguir detenir\u00a0aquest allunyament progressiu de les\u00a0humanitats, que van pretendre ser humanitzadores.\u00a0Avui dia, s\u2019han academitzat\u00a0i han perdut aquest antic poder;\u00a0per exemple: quan es llegeix l\u2019Odissea,\u00a0no com el viatge de l\u2019\u00e0nima, sin\u00f3 amb interessos filol\u00f2gics i hist\u00f2rics,\u00a0se\u2019n perd el sentit. Aix\u00ed ha passat amb\u00a0moltes de les humanitats que es van\u00a0transformar en objecte cultural, en un\u00a0vern\u00eds que atorga estatus.<\/p>\n

Una altra q\u00fcesti\u00f3 fonamental seria\u00a0que es prengu\u00e9s seriosament el fet\u00a0que hi ha una normativa internacional\u00a0de la UNESCO que diu que\u00a0l\u2019educaci\u00f3 ha de servir per als aspectes\u00a0emocionals, per als aspectes\u00a0interpersonals, per conviure.\u00a0Per\u00f2 aix\u00f2 no es fa perqu\u00e8 ning\u00fa no\u00a0ho sap fer. Amb tot, se sent amb\u00a0molta for\u00e7a que cal crear un espai\u00a0per al m\u00f3n emocional.<\/p>\n

I qu\u00e8 \u00e9s l\u2019important en l\u2019\u00e0mbit\u00a0emocional?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Segons el meu parer, la intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia\u00a0emocional hauria de servir per\u00a0apartar la gent de la seva depend\u00e8ncia\u00a0vers les emocions negatives,\u00a0destructives, neur\u00f2tiques. La gent\u00a0\u00e9s arrogant, ambiciosa, es mou per\u00a0interessos molt\u00a0individuals. Hi ha poques persones que visquin el b\u00e9\u00a0com\u00fa, i aquestes emocions es mengen\u00a0tota la capacitat que tenim per\u00a0sintonitzar amb alguna cosa m\u00e9s\u00a0gran.<\/p>\n

\u00c9s l\u2019escola un lloc per fer-hi psicoter\u00e0pia,\u00a0encara que sigui humanista?<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u2019ha volgut mantenir una dist\u00e0ncia\u00a0entre educaci\u00f3 i psicoter\u00e0pia, i ha\u00a0estat una iniciativa gaireb\u00e9 pol\u00edtica.\u00a0La divisi\u00f3 dels camps ha estat una\u00a0q\u00fcesti\u00f3 competitiva, parteix de l\u2019esperit\u00a0del nostre sistema i ha fet mal\u00a0a l\u2019educaci\u00f3. No es pot fer educaci\u00f3\u00a0emocional sense fer alguna cosa\u00a0una mica terap\u00e8utica. Cal desenvolupar\u00a0l\u2019amor en diferents matisos.<\/p>\n

Desenvolupar l\u2019amor, en els\u00a0<\/strong>temps que corren? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Tenim molta\u00a0feina i cada vegada menys recursos\u2026\u00a0\u00c9s gaireb\u00e9 una paraula prohibida en\u00a0l\u2019educaci\u00f3 i en la burocr\u00e0cia. I, de vegades,\u00a0es vol fer educaci\u00f3 emocional\u00a0sense esmentar l\u2019amor, com si l\u2019amor\u00a0no fos l\u2019emoci\u00f3 m\u00e9s important dels\u00a0humans. I les persones educadores\u00a0estan molt ocupades, estan molt\u00a0deslligades, molt desil\u00b7lusionades,\u00a0molt enfadades amb el sistema.<\/p>\n

B\u00e9, despr\u00e9s del que ha passat, \u00e9s\u00a0leg\u00edtim\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

Per a l\u2019esperit del sistema, no ho \u00e9s.\u00a0L\u2019educaci\u00f3 actual sembla dissenyada per mantenir la gent est\u00fapida, perqu\u00e8 pren als infants el\u00a0desig d\u2019aprendre.<\/p>\n

Potser nosaltres tamb\u00e9 l\u2019hem perdut\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aix\u00f2 \u00e9s veritat.<\/p>\n

\u00a0I, com podem encomanar alguna\u00a0cosa que ja no tenim?<\/strong><\/p>\n

El pecat de l\u2019educaci\u00f3 ha estat ensenyar.\u00a0Hem tingut massa fe a pensar\u00a0que la manera d\u2019aconseguir que\u00a0l\u2019altra persona aprengui \u00e9s ensenyar. No \u00e9s cert. \u00c9s com voler entatxonar aliments a una criatura quan\u00a0encara no t\u00e9 gana.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/strong>No es pot fer educaci\u00f3 emocional\u00a0sense fer alguna cosa\u00a0una mica terap\u00e8utica<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Uns aliments que despr\u00e9s necessitar\u00e0, el sistema els hi demanar\u00e0.\u00a0Qui ser\u00e0 el primer que no els hi\u00a0donar\u00e0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aix\u00f2 mateix! La situaci\u00f3 es planteja\u00a0de tal manera que les mares i els\u00a0pares, que, suposadament, s\u00f3n els\u00a0que estimen m\u00e9s les seves criatures,\u00a0s\u00f3n els que m\u00e9s volen que venguin\u00a0la seva \u00e0nima al diable. Per la\u00a0seva pr\u00f2pia por. No volen que pateixin\u00a0en el futur per manca de feina. I\u00a0no mesuren qu\u00e8 significa realment\u00a0rendir-se al sistema.<\/p>\n

Alguna vegada, ha afirmat que cal\u00a0conrear l\u2019espiritualitat a l\u2019escola.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00ed, el problema \u00e9s que l\u2019espiritualitat\u00a0ha estat massa confosa amb la\u00a0religi\u00f3. Caldria presentar un\u00a0destil\u00b7lat de l\u2019espiritualitat universal,\u00a0en lloc de doctrines i dogmes. I\u00a0quelcom experiencial tamb\u00e9, com a\u00a0tipus de meditaci\u00f3 elemental, o el\u00a0silenci.<\/p>\n

Hi insistim. \u00c9s l\u2019escola el lloc\u00a0<\/strong>idoni per fer-ho?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cal donar prioritat al desenvolupament\u00a0hum\u00e0, i no a la producci\u00f3. En\u00a0el fons, \u00fanicament se\u2019ls ensenya a\u00a0passar ex\u00e0mens. Caldria donar-los el\u00a0que necessiten per desenvoluparse,\u00a0perqu\u00e8 siguin persones.<\/p>\n

Nosaltres vam aprendre a c\u00f2pia de passar ex\u00e0mens\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00ed, \u00e9s clar. El costum pesa molt, per\u00f2 caldria ensenyar als educadors i a les educadores a ser capa\u00e7os d\u2019inculcar unes compet\u00e8ncies diferents de les usuals.<\/p>\n

Com podem aconseguir aix\u00f2 a l\u2019escola, si no ho hem fet mai?<\/strong><\/p>\n

El docent ha estat educat de manera massa acad\u00e8mica. No se li ha donat ocasi\u00f3 de cr\u00e9ixer perqu\u00e8 tamb\u00e9 pugui ajudar unes altres persones a cr\u00e9ixer. Cal posar en dubte l\u2019educaci\u00f3 superior. Els que entren a l\u2019escola d\u2019educaci\u00f3 tenen una disposici\u00f3 que \u00e9s semblant a la vocaci\u00f3 materna. \u00c9s una vocaci\u00f3 d\u2019ajudar, de contribuir a promoure el desenvolupament d\u2019altres \u00e9ssers humans. I es veuen encabits en un sistema molt patriarcal, on educar es confon amb ensenyar o amb instruir.<\/p>\n

Pretenem educar i, en realitat, estem robant a les persones l\u2019oportunitat de cr\u00e9ixer. El sistema de qualificacions \u00e9s una manera d\u2019ensenyar la gent a aprendre per motius extr\u00ednsecs. El mecanisme del premi i del c\u00e0stig, que consisteix en qu\u00e8 un gaudir\u00e0 o no de prou avantatge per trobar feina m\u00e9s endavant, o de prou avantatge per arribar al mercat laboral, fan que s\u2019aprengui per motius equivocats. Avui dia, es parla molt de la mort dels valors.<\/p>\n

Quins valors poden existir quan l\u2019aprenentatge \u00e9s tan mercenari, quan l\u2019aprenentatge \u00e9s nom\u00e9s per treure bones notes?<\/p>\n

[…]<\/p>\n

Podeu accedir a la lectura completa d’aquest article adre\u00e7ant-vos a aquest\u00a0enlla\u00e7<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Font:\u00a0<\/strong>Revista GUIX, n\u00fam. 403. Gra\u00f3, 2014<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En els temps convulsos en qu\u00e8 intentem navegar sense naufragar gaire, conversem amb Naranjo sobre el sentit de la nostra pr\u00e0ctica i sobre les necessitats que planteja l\u2019educaci\u00f3 actual.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":525,"featured_media":1808,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101,103,105],"tags":[98,99,100,102,104],"tipo":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-17","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-desenvolupament-personal","8":"category-educacio-afectiva-emocional","9":"category-psicologia-de-leducacio","10":"tag-benestar-del-professorat","11":"tag-creixement-huma","12":"tag-creixement-personal","13":"tag-dimensions-innovadores","14":"tag-educacio-transformadora"},"yoast_head":"\nEntrevista a Claudio Naranjo: \u00abQui sap m\u00e9s d'educaci\u00f3 s\u00f3n els educadors\u00bb - L'escola gra\u00f3 a gra\u00f3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/diarieducacio.cat\/grao\/2014\/05\/19\/entrevista-a-claudio-naranjo-qui-sap-mes-deducacio-son-els-educadors\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Entrevista a Claudio Naranjo: \u00abQui sap m\u00e9s d'educaci\u00f3 s\u00f3n els educadors\u00bb - 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